Constitutionally prohibited laws

Explain the nature of the laws that Congress may not pass
including: writs of habeas corpus; bills of attainder; ex post facto laws

Suspending writs of habeas corpus (with certain exceptions), enacting bills of attainder, and enacting ex post facto laws are prohibited by Ariticle I, Section 9, Clauses 2 and 3 of the U.S. Constitution.  In the annotated version of the Constitution linked to from here, there is much discussion of the legal issues involved.  Please see pages 363 through 371 in the book (pages 309-317 of the .pdf).  As a librarian, Answer Person can’t give any legal interpretation, but the sources noted should lead you to volumes of information on the topics.