{"id":14332,"date":"2018-11-02T10:45:50","date_gmt":"2018-11-02T14:45:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/?p=14332"},"modified":"2018-11-02T11:16:02","modified_gmt":"2018-11-02T15:16:02","slug":"since-the-war-began-times-aint-what-they-used-to-be-life-at-trinity-college-during-the-great-war","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/2018\/11\/02\/since-the-war-began-times-aint-what-they-used-to-be-life-at-trinity-college-during-the-great-war\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cSince the war began \u2018times ain&#8217;t what they used to be:\u2019\u201d Life at Trinity College During the Great War"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em><span style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; color: black;\">Post contributed by Mandy Cooper, PhD, exhibit <\/span><\/em><em><span style=\"font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; color: black;\">curator, former Research Services Graduate Intern, and Duke History PhD.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>One hundred and one years ago, the doors to the East Duke Parlors were \u201cthrown open\u201d and \u201ctables and machines [were] hauled in\u201d along with \u201coilcloth, bleaching, hammer and tacks.\u201d Led by Trinity College\u2019s newly established branch of the Young Women\u2019s Christian Association (YWCA), the women at Trinity College and in the surrounding community turned the East Duke Parlors into a Red Cross room. According to Trinity\u2019s YWCA president Lucile Litaker, the room was now \u201csplendidly equipped\u201d and \u201cgreat bundles of material began to appear.\u201d Throughout the next year, women at Trinity were joined by women from Durham to roll and send bandages overseas. The Red Cross room was officially open every Tuesday and Friday afternoon from 2:00-4:30, with the <em>Trinity<\/em> <em>Chronicle<\/em> reporting in February 1918 that between forty and fifty women had worked in the room the previous Friday. The women at Trinity were determined to do their part for the war effort.<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-14334 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2018\/11\/satc-vertical-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Black and white photograph of nine young men in Army uniforms, standing in two rows. A brick building is a background. \" width=\"474\" height=\"711\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2018\/11\/satc-vertical-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2018\/11\/satc-vertical-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2018\/11\/satc-vertical.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 474px) 100vw, 474px\" \/><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14333\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14333\" style=\"width: 474px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-14333 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2018\/11\/satcnew001-1-1024x581.jpg\" alt=\"Black and white photograph of young men in Army uniform. They are standing in a line together, holding rifles. A building on Duke's East Campus is in the backgroun\" width=\"474\" height=\"269\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2018\/11\/satcnew001-1-1024x581.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2018\/11\/satcnew001-1-300x170.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2018\/11\/satcnew001-1-768x436.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 474px) 100vw, 474px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14333\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photos of the Student Army Training Corps at Duke in the University Archives Photograph Collection, Box 72.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>They were not the only ones. By the 1917-1918 school year, the United States had officially entered World War I, and Trinity was feeling its effects. The impact on enrollment was immediate. Trinity saw a decrease of over 100 enrolled students from 1916-1917 and 1918-1919. President William P. Few was alarmed and attempted to boost enrollment in multiple ways: he encouraged current students to remain at Trinity until they were drafted; he toured North Carolina to promote the need for college-educated men to rebuild a war-ravaged Europe; and, like many other North Carolina universities, he started a Student Army Training Corps (SATC) unit on campus. The young men who enrolled in the SATC officially joined the US Army, but remained students at their institutions and were protected from the draft while receiving the training necessary to be considered for officer positions after graduation. Special classes were established for the SATC to ensure that those enrolled received the necessary training. The War Department required that Trinity create a course for the SATC that covered the \u201cremote and immediate causes of the war and on the underlying conflict of points of view.\u201d This course was intended to enhance the SATC\u2019s morale and help them understand the \u201csupreme importance to civilization\u201d to the war.<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Few\u2019s worries that Trinity would lose many students \u201cto government service of one kind or another\u201d proved apt. Although Few tried to dissuade freshman Charlton Gaines from leaving Trinity when he heard of his plans, Gaines enlisted and was sent to Camp Meigs for training. He apologized to Few shortly after arriving at Camp Meigs for leaving \u201cwithout giving you notice of my departure.\u201d Gaines served throughout the war, attaining the rank of Sergeant in the Quartermaster Corps, and never returned to Trinity College.<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Even those students who remained at Trinity felt the effects of the war. Friends and former students who had joined the military often returned to campus to visit on the weekends. The <em>Chronicle<\/em> reported in January 1918, that there would be no <em>Chanticleer<\/em> for the 1917-1918 largely because of the war. In addition to financial woes carried over from the previous year, the editor-elect had failed to return to Trinity in fall 1917\u2014presumably because he joined the army. As the <em>Chronicle<\/em> writer reported, though, Trinity was not the only college (even just in North Carolina) that had been forced to cancel the yearbook for the year. In the end, the writer told students that they must \u201cpatriotically adapt\u201d themselves to this situation because \u201csince the war began \u2018times ain&#8217;t what they used to be.\u2019\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a> The <em>Chanticleer<\/em> returned in 1919 as a special edition. It was issued at the end of the war, published as <em>Victory, 1919<\/em>, and highlighted the victory of the United States and its allies in the war.<\/p>\n<p>The war had some unexpected effects on Trinity as well. Football had been banned at Trinity since 1895, and in 1918 students petitioned for its return. They argued that a football program would help build a manly physique during a time when there was \u201ca distressing need for physically well-developed men.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a> As the war was ending, the administration lifted the ban and football returned to Trinity.<\/p>\n<p>Trinity\u2019s connection to the war was never more clear than in the masses of letters that alumni and former students sent to friends still at Trinity, to President Few or other faculty, to the Trinity <em>Chronicle<\/em>, or to the <em>Alumni Register<\/em>. Lt. R.H. Shelton wrote to Duke Treasurer D.W. Newsome from the front in France, telling him that he had seen \u201csome of the worst over here.\u201d Shelton continued, \u201cSherman certainly knew what he was talking about, but his was an infant.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a> Alumni like Shelton made the horrors of war clear to everyone still at Trinity.\u00a0 The pages of the <em>Alumni Register<\/em> for the war years are filled with letters from the front, placed in the same volumes as the President\u2019s updates on the war\u2019s effect on the college.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14335\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14335\" style=\"width: 474px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-14335 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2018\/11\/bagley-695x1024.jpg\" alt=\"scan of a page of a book. the only thing on the page is a black and white photograph of a young white man in a military uniform. His hair is cut short, he doesn't have any facial hair, and he is looking directly at the camera. \" width=\"474\" height=\"698\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2018\/11\/bagley-695x1024.jpg 695w, https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2018\/11\/bagley-204x300.jpg 204w, https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2018\/11\/bagley-768x1131.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2018\/11\/bagley.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 474px) 100vw, 474px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14335\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Captain Charles R. Bagley (\u201914, A.M. \u201915) wrote multiple letters from the front that were published: one in the Alumni Register in April 1918 and one in the Chronicle in December of the same year. Photo of Captain Charles R. Bagley, \u201914, A.M. \u201915, Camp Jackson. In the Trinity Alumni Register, Vol. 4, No. 1, April 1918, p. 48. Available digitally at <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/trinityalumnireg04trin\">https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/trinityalumnireg04trin<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The <em>Alumni Register<\/em> and the <em>Chronicle<\/em> both regularly reported on the service of Trinity alumni and students overseas, including the first alumnus killed in action. First Lieutenant Robert \u201cKid\u201d Anderson was among the first wave of American soldiers sent overseas. Part of the class of 1914, he was killed in action on May 29, 1918, at the Battle of Cantigny in France\u2014the first major American engagement in the war. The news of Anderson\u2019s death was sent both to his family and to President Few. The <em>Alumni Register<\/em> announced that Anderson had been killed in action in its July 1918 issue. The <em>Register<\/em> profiled his time at Trinity and his military service before reprinting an account of the memorial service held in his honor in his hometown of Wilson, North Carolina, a letter to Anderson\u2019s parents from a fellow soldier that described his, and portions of Anderson\u2019s letters to relatives and friends.<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>To honor the centennial of the end of the First World War, selected items from the Duke University Libraries are on display in the Mary Duke Biddle Room as part of the exhibit \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/library.duke.edu\/exhibits\/2018\/wwI\">Views of the Great War: Highlights from the Duke University Libraries.<\/a>\u201d In addition to the impact of World War I on Trinity College and other people back home, the exhibit highlights aspects of the Great War and tells the personal stories of a few of the men and women (whether soldiers, doctors, or nurses) who travelled to France with the American Expeditionary Force during the \u201cwar to end all wars.\u201d \u201cViews of the Great War\u201d is on display through February 16, 2019.<\/p>\n<p><em>Footnotes<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> Lucile Litaker, \u201cThe Year with the Y.W.C.A.,\u201d <em>The Alumni Register<\/em>, Volume IV, No. 2, July 1918; 148-149. Available digitally at <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/trinityalumnireg04trin\">https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/trinityalumnireg04trin<\/a>. For the <em>Chronicle<\/em> article, see: \u201cRed Cross Notes,\u201d <em>The Trinity Chronicle<\/em>, Vol. 13, No. 19, Wednesday, February 6, 1918. Available digitally at https:\/\/library.duke.edu\/digitalcollections\/dukechronicle_dchnp83014\/.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> Memo from the War Department Committee on Education and Special Training to Institutions where Units of the Student Army Training Corps are Located, September 10, 1918. Wartime at Duke Reference Collection, World War I \u2013 Student Army Training Corps, Box 1.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> For Few\u2019s statement about losing students, see: William Preston Few to Benjamin N. Duke, July 16, 1917, Few Papers, Box 17, Folder 210. For the Charlton Gaines\u2019s letter, see: Charlton Gaines to President Few, February 19, 1918, Few Papers, Box 19, Folder 235.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> \u201cNo Chanticleer for 1918.\u201d <em>The Trinity Chronicle<\/em>, Vol. 13, No. 17, Wednesday, January 16, 1918. Available digitally at: <a href=\"https:\/\/library.duke.edu\/digitalcollections\/dukechronicle_dchnp83013\/\">https:\/\/library.duke.edu\/digitalcollections\/dukechronicle_dchnp83013\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> Statement from the Student Committee on Football, May 14, 1918. Trinity College Yearly Files, 1918. Board of Trustees Records, Box 5, Duke University Archives, David M. Rubenstein Rare Book &amp; Manuscript Library, Duke University.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> Lt. R.H. Shelton to D.W. Newsom, June 25, 1918. Trinity College (Durham, N.C.) Office of the Treasurer Records, Box 1, Duke University Archives, David M. Rubenstein Rare Book &amp; Manuscript Library, Duke University.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> <em>The Alumni Register<\/em>, Volume IV, No. 2, July 1918; 98-104. Available digitally at <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/trinityalumnireg04trin\">https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/trinityalumnireg04trin<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Post contributed by Mandy Cooper, PhD, exhibit curator, former Research Services Graduate Intern, and Duke History PhD. One hundred and one years ago, the doors to the East Duke Parlors were \u201cthrown open\u201d and \u201ctables and machines [were] hauled in\u201d along with \u201coilcloth, bleaching, hammer and tacks.\u201d Led by Trinity College\u2019s newly established branch of &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/2018\/11\/02\/since-the-war-began-times-aint-what-they-used-to-be-life-at-trinity-college-during-the-great-war\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u201cSince the war began \u2018times ain&#8217;t what they used to be:\u2019\u201d Life at Trinity College During the Great War<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":198,"featured_media":14333,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,9,551,11,53],"tags":[],"coauthors":[653],"class_list":["post-14332","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-events","category-exhibits","category-featured","category-from-our-collections","category-ua"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u201cSince the war began \u2018times ain&#039;t what they used to be:\u2019\u201d Life at Trinity College During the Great War - The Devil&#039;s Tale<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/2018\/11\/02\/since-the-war-began-times-aint-what-they-used-to-be-life-at-trinity-college-during-the-great-war\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u201cSince the war began \u2018times ain&#039;t what they used to be:\u2019\u201d Life at Trinity College During the Great War - The Devil&#039;s Tale\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Post contributed by Mandy Cooper, PhD, exhibit curator, former Research Services Graduate Intern, and Duke History PhD. 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