{"id":10286,"date":"2015-01-30T08:00:16","date_gmt":"2015-01-30T13:00:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/?p=10286"},"modified":"2015-02-09T09:58:21","modified_gmt":"2015-02-09T14:58:21","slug":"super-bowl-xix-million-dollar-minute","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/2015\/01\/30\/super-bowl-xix-million-dollar-minute\/","title":{"rendered":"Super Bowl XIX and the Million Dollar Minute"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>During this year\u2019s Super Bowl, Kim Kardashian will spoof her own public image to promote a T-Mobile data plan. The cost of airing this half-minute commercial? $4.5 million. The price tag for a minute of airtime has grown exponentially since Super Bowl I, from the bargain rate of $150,000. Advertisers are willing to front the cost because Super Bowl commercials are a cultural phenomenon unto themselves\u2014ad exposure is amplified far beyond television viewership on game day.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_10287\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10287\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/super-bowl.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10287 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/super-bowl.jpg\" alt=\"Cover of JWT\u2019s study, \u201cThe Million Dollar Minute,\u201d 1985.\" width=\"300\" height=\"374\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/super-bowl.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/super-bowl-240x300.jpg 240w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10287\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cover of JWT\u2019s study, \u201cThe Million Dollar Minute,\u201d 1985. From the Burt Manning Papers, 1956-1988.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Super Bowl XIX produced network television\u2019s first million dollar minute in 1985, prompting advertisers to ask, \u201cIs it worth it?\u201d The J. Walter Thompson (JWT) advertising agency set out to convince its clients that\u2014with a stand-out, creative ad\u2014Super Bowl advertising was indeed worth the price. The agency conducted marketing research following the 1985 game specifically to measure the impact of Super Bowl advertising. JWT interviewed over four hundred people about their football viewing habits and attitudes towards Super Bowl commercials, then summed up its findings in a report entitled, \u201cSuper Bowl XIX and the Million Dollar Minute: Anatomy of an American Institution.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Over 100 million viewers tuned in to watch the San Francisco 49ers defeat the Miami Dolphins, 38 to 16, in 1985. This made it the tenth highest-rated show of all time, but it still fell short of the ABC network\u2019s predictions and records set by past Super Bowls. The series finale of M*A*S*H* in 1983 still held the number one spot with a Nielsen rating of 60, compared to Super Bowl XIX\u2019s rating of 46.<\/p>\n<p>Even as football audiences were shrinking and Super Bowl viewership was in decline, the price of advertising spots continued to climb. \u201cBut,\u201d JWT asked, \u201cwhat about values beyond the ratings?\u201d The agency argued that Super Bowl ads had a significant impact on Americans, beyond the number of viewers they reached.<\/p>\n<p>Advertising during the Super Bowl was a gamble. Companies put down major financial outlays in the hopes that the impact of a Super Bowl ad would pay off. Thirty-six advertisers spent a combined $30 million for 52 minutes of commercials spread over six hours for the 1985 championship. JWT warned that an expensive ad could still be drowned out by the \u201cchatter factor\u201d of Super Bowl gatherings, or succumb to the power of the \u201cremote-tuner zapping\u201d channels.<\/p>\n<p>JWT\u2019s study confirmed the obvious with such observations as, \u201cSuper Sunday is a major social event\u201d and, \u201cEating is a major part of Super Sunday.\u201d But it also uncovered what makes a Super Bowl ad a unique opportunity for advertisers. Super Bowl advertisers had an automatic advantage with a significant segment of the audience. 14% percent of the viewers polled reported that they felt more favorable towards Super Bowl advertisers than the promoters they saw during the regular football season. Nearly half of the respondents were able to recall one or more commercials aired during the Super Bowl without any prompting.<\/p>\n<p>IBM invested millions of dollars to air 13 spots sprinkled from the pre-game show through post-game programming. Apple took a different approach by publicizing its sole commercial in advance of game day. The company placed full-page ads in the Sunday newspaper, advising, \u201cIf you go to the bathroom during the fourth quarter, you\u2019ll be sorry.\u201d JWT had several high-profile clients in the Super Bowl that year, including Ford Motor Company, Hyatt Hotels, the U.S. Marines, and Miller Brewing Company.<\/p>\n<p>Budweiser, Ford, IBM, and Apple commercials had the highest rate of unaided recall by participants in JWT\u2019s study. IBM ran a <a href=\"http:\/\/adland.tv\/commercials\/ibm-charlie-chaplin-stacks-1985-030-usa\">30-second spot<\/a> over a dozen times featuring a light-hearted Charlie Chaplin impersonator. With slapstick flair, Chaplin shuffled around IBM\u2019s PC Jr, \u201cThe computer that\u2019s growing by leaps and bounds.\u201d The PC Jr could run \u201cpowerful, up-to-date\u201d programs like Lotus 123 on 8-inch floppy disks.<\/p>\n<p>Apple\u2019s ad, in contrast, had a dark and brooding tone. The minute-long commercial, entitled \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/adland.tv\/commercials\/apple-lemmings-1985-060-usa\">Lemmings<\/a>,\u201d aired just once during Super Bowl XIX. A line of blind-folded businessmen mindlessly trudged one by one across a barren landscape until they plummeted over the edge of a cliff. Apple promised to break the monotony of \u201cbusiness as usual\u201d when it released the Macintosh Office computer. JWT\u2019s study found that the ad was the both the most loved <em>and<\/em> the most hated game day commercial that year.<\/p>\n<p>The J. Walter Thompson Company\u2019s recommendations for how to make the most of a Super Bowl advertisement sound familiar. Specifically, advertisers should use supplemental promotions and tie-ins with other forms of media to ensure their ad gets noticed. \u201cCreate additional top spin,\u201d JWT advised. T-Mobile has certainly done so. The company released its <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ZTwzsV3I3OQ\">Kim Kardashian ad<\/a> early, giving <em>Conan<\/em> viewers the first glimpse. The ad won over 6 million hits on YouTube in two days. Entertainment news outlets, bloggers, and Kardashian\u2019s 28 million Twitter followers have given the commercial momentum before it even appears on television. What is this \u201ctop spin\u201d worth? Maybe <a href=\"http:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/chrissmith\/2015\/01\/16\/could-a-super-bowl-commercial-really-be-worth-10-million\/\">$10 million<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Post contributed by Georgia Welch, Reference Intern for the <a href=\"http:\/\/library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/hartman\">John W. Hartman Center for Sales, Advertising &amp; Marketing History<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>During this year\u2019s Super Bowl, Kim Kardashian will spoof her own public image to promote a T-Mobile data plan. The cost of airing this half-minute commercial? $4.5 million. The price tag for a minute of airtime has grown exponentially since Super Bowl I, from the bargain rate of $150,000. Advertisers are willing to front the &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/2015\/01\/30\/super-bowl-xix-million-dollar-minute\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Super Bowl XIX and the Million Dollar Minute<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":89,"featured_media":10287,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[551,11,43,170],"tags":[158,594,458,592,593],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-10286","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-featured","category-from-our-collections","category-hartman","category-students-and-interns","tag-advertising","tag-commercials","tag-interns","tag-superbowl","tag-television"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Super Bowl XIX and the Million Dollar Minute - The Devil&#039;s Tale<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/2015\/01\/30\/super-bowl-xix-million-dollar-minute\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Super Bowl XIX and the Million Dollar Minute - The Devil&#039;s Tale\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"During this year\u2019s Super Bowl, Kim Kardashian will spoof her own public image to promote a T-Mobile data plan. The cost of airing this half-minute commercial? $4.5 million. The price tag for a minute of airtime has grown exponentially since Super Bowl I, from the bargain rate of $150,000. Advertisers are willing to front the &hellip; Continue reading Super Bowl XIX and the Million Dollar Minute &rarr;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/2015\/01\/30\/super-bowl-xix-million-dollar-minute\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"The Devil&#039;s Tale\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-01-30T13:00:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2015-02-09T14:58:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/super-bowl.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"374\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Amy McDonald\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@rubensteinlib\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@rubensteinlib\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Amy McDonald\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/2015\/01\/30\/super-bowl-xix-million-dollar-minute\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/2015\/01\/30\/super-bowl-xix-million-dollar-minute\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Amy McDonald\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/#\/schema\/person\/9b80b2beaf2cea2b14866de548543f76\"},\"headline\":\"Super Bowl XIX and the Million Dollar Minute\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-01-30T13:00:16+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-02-09T14:58:21+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/2015\/01\/30\/super-bowl-xix-million-dollar-minute\/\"},\"wordCount\":862,\"commentCount\":1,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/2015\/01\/30\/super-bowl-xix-million-dollar-minute\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/super-bowl.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"advertising\",\"commercials\",\"interns\",\"superbowl\",\"television\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Featured\",\"From Our Collections\",\"Hartman Center\",\"Students and Interns\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/2015\/01\/30\/super-bowl-xix-million-dollar-minute\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/2015\/01\/30\/super-bowl-xix-million-dollar-minute\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/2015\/01\/30\/super-bowl-xix-million-dollar-minute\/\",\"name\":\"Super Bowl XIX and the Million Dollar Minute - 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