{"id":10172,"date":"2015-01-09T14:16:19","date_gmt":"2015-01-09T19:16:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/?p=10172"},"modified":"2015-01-16T17:09:40","modified_gmt":"2015-01-16T22:09:40","slug":"dpc-magically-digitizes-old-formats-rubenstein-researchers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/2015\/01\/09\/dpc-magically-digitizes-old-formats-rubenstein-researchers\/","title":{"rendered":"How the DPC Magically Digitizes Old Formats for Rubenstein Researchers"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Here in Rubenstein Library Research Services, we always strive to fulfill our researchers\u2019 wishes to use our inspiring materials in their work. However, rare materials often come in formats that pose a challenge to standard modern imaging equipment. We frequently receive requests from researchers to digitize books and maps that are too big or too tightly bound for our scanning equipment. Researchers also seek digital files of obsolete audio and A\/V formats, such as records, VHS tapes, and audio reel tapes, but our ancient VHS players and reel tape decks went the way of the dinosaur, even as we kept pace with the latest technology for imaging paper, discs, and microfilm.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_10178\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10178\" style=\"width: 469px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/videotape.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10178\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/videotape.jpg\" alt=\"There\u2019s valuable archival content on that long, slowly degrading strip of plastic film.\" width=\"469\" height=\"577\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/videotape.jpg 469w, https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/videotape-243x300.jpg 243w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 469px) 100vw, 469px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10178\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">There\u2019s valuable archival content on that long, slowly degrading strip of plastic film.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Thankfully, the buck doesn\u2019t stop here in Research Services. We have an amazing digitization resource right here in the Libraries: the Digital Production Center, or DPC, as it is fondly known. DPC staff are highly-trained digitization experts, and their lab is filled with the latest digitizing technology. Mostly they digitize collections (hence our wonderful online <a href=\"http:\/\/library.duke.edu\/digitalcollections\/\">Digital Collections<\/a>!), but when we have a Rubenstein request that can\u2019t be imaged on our equipment, the DPC takes up the challenge and works their magic.<\/p>\n<p>I was invited to train with the DPC wizards recently, studying how they fulfill these challenging requests. Although I learned a lot about how the digitization process works, I still think it\u2019s partly magical.<\/p>\n<p>For visual images such as maps or books, the DPC\u2019s computer monitor must first be calibrated to render the colors with absolute accuracy, or the scanned image might end up with an undesirable color cast. This is done using a color target, X-rite Photo Pro software, and the i1 PhotoPro 2 spectrophotometer, which optically \u201creads\u201d the colors on the monitor in a magical fashion, just by touching the screen.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_10177\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10177\" style=\"width: 487px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/Mike-X-Rite.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10177\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/Mike-X-Rite.jpg\" alt=\"Like St. Patrick with the snakes, Mike Adamo casts out those slithery color casts\" width=\"487\" height=\"399\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/Mike-X-Rite.jpg 487w, https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/Mike-X-Rite-300x245.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 487px) 100vw, 487px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10177\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Like St. Patrick with the snakes, Mike Adamo casts out those slithery color casts<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The lighting in the lab uses true full-spectrum daylight bulbs. Even the walls in the imaging areas are painted the exact shade of 18% grey used by photographers to achieve accurate white balance; in this case it also helps to prevent color casts from affecting the image.<\/p>\n<p>For most paper originals, the DPC uses a Phase One camera capable of producing 1200 dpi images. Softboxed sidelighting on two sides provides even illumination. To capture large items, the camera must be raised high on a stand. Too high, and the image will be too pixelated; too low, and the edges of the image could get clipped. Like Goldilocks\u2019 porridge, the height has to be <em>just right.<\/em><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_10174\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10174\" style=\"width: 443px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/zeke-with-phase-one.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10174\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/zeke-with-phase-one.jpg\" alt=\"Zeke Graves adjusts the camera height. Maybe the Phase One should be named Goldilocks.\" width=\"443\" height=\"561\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/zeke-with-phase-one.jpg 443w, https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/zeke-with-phase-one-236x300.jpg 236w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 443px) 100vw, 443px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10174\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Zeke Graves adjusts the camera height. Maybe the Phase One should be named Goldilocks.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The DPC can also digitize the many obsolete audio recordings on reel tape, records, or cassettes found in our twentieth-century and newer collections. This kind of magic is especially astonishing: sound vibrations are captured as magnetic density on the tape, which the audio analog-digital interface then samples electronically and translates into 1\u2019s and 0\u2019s. The computer then renders this data visually on the monitor, before assembling it back into sound as an mp3 or wav file.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_10176\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10176\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/reel-to-reel-deck.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10176 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/reel-to-reel-deck.jpg\" alt=\"reel to reel deck\" width=\"500\" height=\"477\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/reel-to-reel-deck.jpg 500w, https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/reel-to-reel-deck-300x286.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10176\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Old technology made recording a lot less spur-of-the moment than lifting up an iPhone<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_10175\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10175\" style=\"width: 525px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/VU-meter.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10175 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/VU-meter.jpg\" alt=\"VU meter\" width=\"525\" height=\"394\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/VU-meter.jpg 525w, https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/VU-meter-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 525px) 100vw, 525px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10175\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Volume Unit meter: the audiophiles\u2019 way to view perceived loudness<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Of course, we can\u2019t forget about the ever-popular medium of video. Rubenstein collections include video on several types of exotic tape cassettes, such as\u00a0VHS, U-matic, Betacam and Hi-8. The DPC rises to the challenge, with media capture decks that play obsolete tape formats and send their signals through analog-to-digital converters to create a tidy video file.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_10173\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10173\" style=\"width: 451px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/alex-with-video-deck-bank.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10173\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/alex-with-video-deck-bank.jpg\" alt=\"Alex Marsh operates the video deck bank. Tellingly, the digital conversion decks are made by the \u2018Blackmagic\u2019 company\" width=\"451\" height=\"593\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/alex-with-video-deck-bank.jpg 451w, https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/files\/2015\/01\/alex-with-video-deck-bank-228x300.jpg 228w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 451px) 100vw, 451px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10173\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alex Marsh operates the video deck bank. Tellingly, the digital conversion hardware is\u00a0made by the \u2018Blackmagic\u2019 company<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>After stringent quality control checks, logging of the work done, and backing up to the server, the digital file is uploaded and shared via a media sharing service, and Abracadabra! The millions of zeros and ones reassemble themselves on the researcher\u2019s computer into a perfect facsimile of the original object.<\/p>\n<p>Now, that\u2019s just plain magic.<\/p>\n<p>To see the DPC\u2019s take on the training sessions, <a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/2015\/01\/09\/winter-cross-training-dpc\/\">check out the Digital Project Team\u2019s Bitstreams blog post<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em>Post contributed by Megan O&#8217;Connell,\u00a0Reproduction Services Manager<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Here in Rubenstein Library Research Services, we always strive to fulfill our researchers\u2019 wishes to use our inspiring materials in their work. However, rare materials often come in formats that pose a challenge to standard modern imaging equipment. We frequently receive requests from researchers to digitize books and maps that are too big or too &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/2015\/01\/09\/dpc-magically-digitizes-old-formats-rubenstein-researchers\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">How the DPC Magically Digitizes Old Formats for Rubenstein Researchers<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":198,"featured_media":10176,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[419,551],"tags":[],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-10172","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-audiovisual-materials","category-featured"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How the DPC Magically Digitizes Old Formats for Rubenstein Researchers - The Devil&#039;s Tale<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/rubenstein\/2015\/01\/09\/dpc-magically-digitizes-old-formats-rubenstein-researchers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How the DPC Magically Digitizes Old Formats for Rubenstein Researchers - The Devil&#039;s Tale\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Here in Rubenstein Library Research Services, we always strive to fulfill our researchers\u2019 wishes to use our inspiring materials in their work. 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