{"id":4156,"date":"2016-08-12T14:30:02","date_gmt":"2016-08-12T18:30:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/?p=4156"},"modified":"2016-08-12T14:20:17","modified_gmt":"2016-08-12T18:20:17","slug":"tools-metadata-remediation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/2016\/08\/12\/tools-metadata-remediation\/","title":{"rendered":"Tools for Metadata Remediation"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Last\u00a0fall, I wrote about how we were embarking on a large-scale remediation of our digital collections metadata in preparation for migrating those collections to the Duke Digital Repository. \u00a0I started remediation\u00a0at the beginning of this calendar year, and it\u2019s been at times a slow-going but ultimately pretty satisfying experience. I\u2019m always interested in hearing about how other people working with metadata actually do their work, so I thought I would share some of the tools and techniques I have been using to conduct this project.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>First things first: documentation<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The metadata task group charged with this work undertook a broad review\u00a0and analysis of our data, and created a <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/spreadsheets\/d\/1cs7sBC_nO1qPfk2N_COldmXGcRMFaa9Woa5taX8hNYA\/edit?usp=sharing\">giant google spreadsheet<\/a> containing all of the fields currently in use in our collections to document the following: <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>What collections used the field?<\/li>\n<li>Was usage consistent within\/across collections?<\/li>\n<li>What kinds of values were used? Controlled vocabularies or free text?<\/li>\n<li>How many unique values?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Based on this analysis, the group made recommendations for remediation of fields and values, which were documented in the spreadsheet as well. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>OpenRefine<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>I often compose little love notes \u00a0in my head to <a href=\"http:\/\/openrefine.org\/\">OpenRefine<\/a>, because my life would be much harder without it in that I would have to harass my lovely developer colleagues for a lot more help. OpenRefine is a powerful tool for analyzing and remediating messy data, and allows me to get a whole lot done without having to do much scripting. It\u00a0was really useful for doing the initial review and analysis: here\u2019s a screen shot of how I could use the facets to, for example, limit by the Dublin Core contributor property, see which fields are mapped to contributor, which collections use contributor fields, and what the array of values looks like.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/files\/2016\/08\/Screen-Shot-2016-06-06-at-3.33.34-PM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4161 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/files\/2016\/08\/Screen-Shot-2016-06-06-at-3.33.34-PM.png\" alt=\"Screen Shot 2016-06-06 at 3.33.34 PM\" width=\"936\" height=\"667\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/files\/2016\/08\/Screen-Shot-2016-06-06-at-3.33.34-PM.png 936w, https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/files\/2016\/08\/Screen-Shot-2016-06-06-at-3.33.34-PM-300x214.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/files\/2016\/08\/Screen-Shot-2016-06-06-at-3.33.34-PM-768x547.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 936px) 100vw, 936px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The facet feature is also great for performing batch level operations like changing field names and editing values. The cluster and edit feature has been really useful for normalizing values so that they will function well as facetable fields in the user interface. OpenRefine also allows for bulk transformations using regular expressions, so I can\u00a0make changes based on patterns, rather than specific strings. Eventually I want to take advantage of it&#8217;s ability to reconcile data against external sources, too, but it will be more effective if we\u00a0get through the cleaning process first.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>TextWrangler<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For some of the more complex transformations I&#8217;ve found it is easier and faster to use regular expressions in a text editor &#8211; I\u2019ve been using <a href=\"http:\/\/www.barebones.com\/products\/textwrangler\/\">Text Wrangler<\/a>, which is free and very handy. Here&#8217;s an example of one of the regular expressions I used when converting date values to the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.loc.gov\/standards\/datetime\/\">Extended Date Time Format<\/a>, which we&#8217;ve covered on this blog <a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/2016\/01\/22\/enjoy-your-metadata-fun-with-date-encoding\/\">here<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/2016\/01\/29\/3439\/\">here<\/a>, and, um, <a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/2016\/04\/22\/edtf-humanize\/\">here<\/a>\u00a0(what can I say? We love EDTF):<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/files\/2016\/08\/Screen-Shot-2016-06-06-at-4.36.19-PM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4166 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/files\/2016\/08\/Screen-Shot-2016-06-06-at-4.36.19-PM.png\" alt=\"Screen Shot 2016-06-06 at 4.36.19 PM\" width=\"1250\" height=\"466\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/files\/2016\/08\/Screen-Shot-2016-06-06-at-4.36.19-PM.png 1250w, https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/files\/2016\/08\/Screen-Shot-2016-06-06-at-4.36.19-PM-300x112.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/files\/2016\/08\/Screen-Shot-2016-06-06-at-4.36.19-PM-768x286.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/files\/2016\/08\/Screen-Shot-2016-06-06-at-4.36.19-PM-1024x382.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1250px) 100vw, 1250px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Ruby Scripting<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And in a few cases, like where I\u2019ve needed to swap out a lot of individual values with other ones, I\u2019ve had to dip my toes into Ruby scripting. I\u2019ve done some self educating on Ruby via Duke\u2019s access to<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lynda.com\"> Lynda.com<\/a> courses, but I mostly have benefited from\u00a0the very kind and patient developer on our task group. I also want to make a shout out to <a href=\"http:\/\/www.railsbridge.org\/\">RailsBridge<\/a>, which is an organization dedicated to making tech more diverse by teaching free workshops on Rails and Ruby for underrepresented groups of people in tech. I attended a full day Ruby on Rails workshop organized by <a href=\"http:\/\/railsbridgetriangle.com\/\">RailsBridge Triangle<\/a> here in Raleigh N.C . and found it to be really approachable and informative, and would encourage anyone interested in building out her\/his tech skills\u00a0to look for local opportunities.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/files\/2016\/08\/Screen-Shot-2016-06-05-at-9.07.22-PM.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4168 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/files\/2016\/08\/Screen-Shot-2016-06-05-at-9.07.22-PM.png\" alt=\"Screen Shot 2016-06-05 at 9.07.22 PM\" width=\"1912\" height=\"1102\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/files\/2016\/08\/Screen-Shot-2016-06-05-at-9.07.22-PM.png 1912w, https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/files\/2016\/08\/Screen-Shot-2016-06-05-at-9.07.22-PM-300x173.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/files\/2016\/08\/Screen-Shot-2016-06-05-at-9.07.22-PM-768x443.png 768w, https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/files\/2016\/08\/Screen-Shot-2016-06-05-at-9.07.22-PM-1024x590.png 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1912px) 100vw, 1912px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Last\u00a0fall, I wrote about how we were embarking on a large-scale remediation of our digital collections metadata in preparation for migrating those collections to the Duke Digital Repository. \u00a0I started remediation\u00a0at the beginning of this calendar year, and it\u2019s been at times a slow-going but ultimately pretty satisfying experience. I\u2019m always interested in hearing about &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/2016\/08\/12\/tools-metadata-remediation\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Tools for Metadata Remediation<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":246,"featured_media":4160,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,45,12],"tags":[75,71,80],"class_list":["post-4156","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-behindscenes","category-digital-collections","category-tech","tag-duke-digital-repository","tag-metadata","tag-the-migration"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Tools for Metadata Remediation - Bitstreams: The Digital Collections Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/2016\/08\/12\/tools-metadata-remediation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tools for Metadata Remediation - Bitstreams: The Digital Collections Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Last\u00a0fall, I wrote about how we were embarking on a large-scale remediation of our digital collections metadata in preparation for migrating those collections to the Duke Digital Repository. \u00a0I started remediation\u00a0at the beginning of this calendar year, and it\u2019s been at times a slow-going but ultimately pretty satisfying experience. I\u2019m always interested in hearing about &hellip; Continue reading Tools for Metadata Remediation &rarr;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/2016\/08\/12\/tools-metadata-remediation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Bitstreams: The Digital Collections Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/dukedigitalcoll\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-08-12T18:30:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/blogs.library.duke.edu\/bitstreams\/files\/2016\/08\/R0451-e1471019697377.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1204\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"654\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Maggie Dickson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@dukedigitalcoll\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@dukedigitalcoll\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Maggie Dickson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.library.duke.edu\\\/bitstreams\\\/2016\\\/08\\\/12\\\/tools-metadata-remediation\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.library.duke.edu\\\/bitstreams\\\/2016\\\/08\\\/12\\\/tools-metadata-remediation\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Maggie Dickson\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.library.duke.edu\\\/bitstreams\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d9a87a1cdef52efcf98c1dd7515fee22\"},\"headline\":\"Tools for Metadata Remediation\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-08-12T18:30:02+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.library.duke.edu\\\/bitstreams\\\/2016\\\/08\\\/12\\\/tools-metadata-remediation\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":617,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.library.duke.edu\\\/bitstreams\\\/2016\\\/08\\\/12\\\/tools-metadata-remediation\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.library.duke.edu\\\/bitstreams\\\/files\\\/2016\\\/08\\\/R0451-e1471019697377.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Duke Digital Repository\",\"metadata\",\"The Migration\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Behind the Scenes\",\"Digital Collections\",\"Technology\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.library.duke.edu\\\/bitstreams\\\/2016\\\/08\\\/12\\\/tools-metadata-remediation\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.library.duke.edu\\\/bitstreams\\\/2016\\\/08\\\/12\\\/tools-metadata-remediation\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blogs.library.duke.edu\\\/bitstreams\\\/2016\\\/08\\\/12\\\/tools-metadata-remediation\\\/\",\"name\":\"Tools for Metadata Remediation - 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